内容来源：https://techcrunch.com/2026/06/12/spacex-ipo-live-updates-on-everything-you-need-to-know/

内容总结：

SpaceX正式登陆纳斯达克，创史上最大IPO，马斯克跻身全球首位万亿富翁

经过长达24年的发展，太空探索技术公司（SpaceX）于2026年6月12日正式在纳斯达克交易所挂牌上市，以史上最大规模首次公开募股（IPO）吸引了全球目光。此次上市不仅是该公司从初创到成功的重要里程碑，也一举将创始人兼首席执行官埃隆·马斯克推向了“全球首位万亿富翁”的宝座。

开盘大涨，交投创纪录

SpaceX此次IPO共发行5.556亿股，发行价定为每股135美元，募资总额高达750亿美元，成为有史以来规模最大的IPO。股票代码挂牌后，开盘即报150美元，较发行价上涨11%。盘中股价持续攀升，涨幅一度超过30%，最终收于160.95美元，全天涨幅达19%。

市场交易情绪异常火爆。在线券商Robinhood表示，在SpaceX历史性首日交易后的数小时内，其交易平台出现了“创纪录的流量高峰”。

高管发声：与特斯拉合并或让马斯克“轻松些”

SpaceX首席运营官格温·肖特韦尔在接受CNBC采访时释放了一个耐人寻味的信号。她坦言：“SpaceX与特斯拉的合并或许能让埃隆的生活轻松一点。”这一言论引发市场对两大巨头未来整合的广泛猜测。

分食盛宴：投行大赚，员工或将批量造富

据《华尔街日报》报道，参与此次IPO的投行共赚取约5亿美元的总承销费用，其中高盛和摩根士丹利成为最大赢家。

此外，SpaceX员工也迎来了财富盛宴。据《纽约时报》估算，多达4400名SpaceX员工可能因持股而成为百万富翁。

马斯克本人则在其社交平台X上发文表达对员工的感激之情：“我对SpaceX了不起的人们爱到无以言表。”他还转发了多条与IPO相关的动态，包括一张内部员工齐穿“绿鞋”的照片，暗示市场强劲需求下已触发“绿鞋机制”（超额配售选择权）。

股权高度集中，马斯克掌控“王权”

尽管上市后引入众多外部投资者，马斯克仍持有约85.1%的投票权，远超其他科技公司创始人的控制力。分析指出，这意味着马斯克在公开市场上的SpaceX仍拥有近乎“君主式”的绝对控制权。

财务数据首度披露：亏损巨大但前景诱人

随着S-1注册文件的公开，SpaceX的财务状况首次全面曝光。文件显示，该公司2025年营收超180亿美元，但净亏损达49亿美元。自创立以来，SpaceX累计亏损已超过370亿美元。

然而，市场更关注其未来增长潜力。S-1文件强调，星链卫星互联网业务正成为公司收入支柱，同时其xAI部门以及与Anthropic、谷歌等签订的大额算力租赁协议，也展现了公司在人工智能领域的布局。据悉，Anthropic每月向SpaceX支付12.5亿美元算力费，谷歌的月费则高达9.2亿美元。

星舰之路仍存变数

尽管上市备受追捧，但S-1文件也揭示出星舰可重复使用技术的商业化路径尚不明朗。文件提醒投资者，未来可能面临股权稀释风险，这也为外界关于SpaceX与特斯拉合并的传闻增添了新的论据。

最新动态持续更新中

本文发表于2026年6月12日美东时间上午10时，并将随着SpaceX股价波动、后续交易及重大事件的进展持续更新。

中文翻译：

多年来，SpaceX一直吸引着媒体、投资者和公众的目光——这种关注源于该公司可重复使用火箭的发射、星链卫星网络的崛起，当然还有其创始人兼首席执行官埃隆·马斯克。

但在其24年的历史中，没有什么能比得上这次首次公开募股。似乎每个人都对此感兴趣，也许是因为这次IPO的规模之大。该公司将其5.556亿股股票定价为每股135美元，募集资金750亿美元，成为史上最大规模的IPO。按此价格计算，这笔交易似乎也将使马斯克成为全球首位万亿富翁。

TechCrunch从早期就关注了SpaceX的起步、挣扎与成功。我们也会持续关注接下来发生的一切。本文将不断更新所有关于SpaceX IPO的最新消息。

SpaceX IPO最新动态

SpaceX股票在纳斯达克公开交易所开盘价为150美元，相比发行价上涨11%，这是史上最受期待的一次上市首秀。股价此后持续上涨（我们将在此更新）。午盘交易中，SpaceX股价飙升30%。SpaceX股价最终收于160.95美元，上涨19%。

正如预期，交易量巨大。Robinhood表示，在SpaceX历史性的公开上市首秀后的几个小时内，其交易平台出现了“创纪录的流量”。

SpaceX首席运营官格温·肖特维尔周五接受了CNBC的采访，在她众多有趣的评论中，有一条可能会引起特斯拉股东的注意。在采访中，肖特维尔一度表示，“SpaceX与特斯拉的合并可能会让埃隆的生活稍微轻松一些。”

赢家之一是各大银行，它们总共获得了约5亿美元的费用。据《华尔街日报》报道，最大的赢家是高盛和摩根士丹利。

随着股价上涨，马斯克在他拥有的社交媒体平台X上表达了对SpaceX员工的感激之情。“我无法用语言表达对SpaceX这群了不起的人的爱，”他周五下午写道。他还转发了一些与SpaceX IPO相关的帖子，包括一张内部人士都穿着绿鞋的照片，这似乎是在向“绿鞋期权”致敬。绿鞋期权是IPO承销协议中的一项条款，允许承销商在需求强劲的情况下，比原计划多出售最多15%的股份。

为了更深入地了解今天发生的一切，以及SpaceX成为上市公司后带来的广泛影响，资深记者肖恩·奥凯恩和AI编辑罗素·布兰多姆坐下来录制了我们《Equity》播客的一期特别节目，您可以在此收听，或通过您选择的播客平台收听，也可以在YouTube上观看。

如何追踪SpaceX IPO

面对如此大规模的发行，幕后有大量的金融机制在运作——因此首要问题是股票何时能上市开始交易。SpaceX在纳斯达克上市，您可以在此处查看纳斯达克的官方上市信息，一旦有交易价格，便会立即显示。纳斯达克还有SpaceX团队敲钟的视频，如果您感兴趣的话。

但价格只是其中一部分。要获取最及时的信息，您最好还是关注彭博社和CNBC等财经媒体，它们都有实时博客更新，并会密切报道股票上市过程中出现的任何波折。

SpaceX IPO数据一览

在此，我们来看看构成该公司S-1表格的一些较大数字、关键数据以及令人瞠目的金额。

例如，SpaceX在2025年营收超过180亿美元，亏损49亿美元。这仅占自SpaceX成立以来累计亏损超过370亿美元的一小部分。

作为首席执行官，埃隆·马斯克持有公司约85.1%的投票权。您可以在下一节“谁赢了，谁输了”中了解更多相关信息——我们将继续在此处提供有趣的数据。

另一个引起我们注意的数字是……4400。据《纽约时报》报道，这是可能成为百万富翁的SpaceX员工人数。

埃隆·马斯克可能听不到你的声音，因为他正沉浸在其1.75万亿美元IPO的喜悦中：《Equity》播客对此次IPO进行了评论。

谁赢了，谁输了

SpaceX是史上全球最大规模的IPO，这意味着对某些投资者、员工，当然还有埃隆·马斯克来说，是一笔巨额收入。

埃隆·马斯克在SpaceX历史性的IPO后成为全球首位万亿富翁：SpaceX的IPO将马斯克的账面财富推升至超过1万亿美元，而此时的他比以往任何时候都更受憎恨，也更有权势。

埃隆·马斯克将如何通过SpaceX IPO增强其权力：马斯克将拥有超过50%的投票权，从而对上市后的SpaceX拥有君主般的掌控力——这种控制力远远超过其他科技创始人所能享有的。

谁将从SpaceX IPO中获益最多？主要是埃隆——以及他核心圈子里的少数人：埃隆·马斯克持有SpaceX的股份数量远超其他人，高达数十亿股，但其他人也有望获利。以下是股权持有情况的概要。

SpaceX的SPV投资者在IPO锁定期解除后才能知道其真实持股：在SpaceX公开上市后，较低层级的SPV投资者将面临隐性费用、漫长的付款延迟以及彻头彻尾的欺诈风险。

S-1文件内容

S-1注册文件让世界前所未有地看到了SpaceX的内部情况，包括其财务状况和各项业务。随着IPO日期的临近，S-1文件不断修订，我们一直在跟进。以下是我们发现的内容。

SpaceX IPO文件充满了对AI的押注、星舰的梦想，以及以埃隆·马斯克为中心：SpaceX IPO文件的内容详细描绘了一家以星链卫星互联网服务为主导的企业，超过370亿美元的亏损，以及通过其xAI部门的未来商业前景。

SpaceX提交S-1文件后，星舰实现可重复使用的道路显得迷雾重重：SpaceX的IPO和星舰火箭试飞提供了两个重要的数据点，为未来几年描绘了一个现实的前景——这个前景可能既会让公司的支持者失望，也会让其批评者失望。

SpaceX警告投资者未来存在稀释风险，为特斯拉合并传闻火上浇油：该公司在其S-1文件中增加了新的措辞，警告潜在投资者，公司在上市后可能面临重大股权稀释。

IPO前的交易与事件

在IPO之前，SpaceX敲定了一系列交易，主要是出售算力以改善其资产负债表。

Anthropic将每月向xAI支付12.5亿美元购买算力：5月20日对Anthropic交易的首次报道。

Anthropic与SpaceX的租约有多长？意见不一：埃隆·马斯克一直在淡化SpaceX与Anthropic合同的持续时间。

谷歌将每月向SpaceX支付9.2亿美元购买算力：一位谷歌代表称，这是一项短期协议，旨在应对其近期推出的AI产品带来的意外需求。

本文最初发布于2026年6月12日美国东部时间上午10点。已根据SpaceX IPO、股价及其他相关事件的最新报道进行了更新。

英文来源：

SpaceX has captured the attention of media, investors, and the public for years now — interest propelled by the company’s reusable rocket launches, the rise of its Starlink satellite network, and of course, for its founder and CEO Elon Musk.
But in its 24-year history, nothing quite compares to this initial public offering. Everyone seems to be interested, and perhaps it’s because of the sheer size of this IPO. The company priced its 555.6 million shares at $135 each to raise $75 billion, making it the largest IPO in history. At this price, the deal also looks set to make Musk the world’s first trillionaire.
TechCrunch has followed SpaceX’s start, struggles, and successes from the early days. And we’re here for what happens next too. This article will be continually updated with all of the latest SpaceX IPO news.
The latest on the SpaceX IPO
SpaceX shares opened at $150 on the Nasdaq public exchange, an 11% pop for the most anticipated debut in history. And it has continued to rise. The shares keep rising too (which we will update here). In midday trading, SpaceX shares soared 30%. SpaceX shares closed at $160.95, up 19%.
There has been heavy trading volume, as expected. Robinhood said it has seen “record-breaking traffic on its trading platform in the hours after SpaceX’s historic public markets debut.
SpaceX COO Gwynne Shotwell was interviewed by CNBC on Friday and among the many interesting comments she made, here is one that might get the attention of Tesla shareholders. At one point in the interview, Shotwell said a “merger between SpaceX and Tesla might make Elon’s life a little easier.”
Among the winners are the banks, which have brought in about $500 million in total fees. The big winners are Goldman Sachs and Morgan Stanley, per the WSJ.
Musk took to X, the social media company he owns, to share his appreciation of SpaceX employees as the stock rose. “I love the incredible people of SpaceX beyond words,” he wrote Friday afternoon. He also reposted a number of SpaceX IPO related posts, including a photo of insiders all wearing green shoes in what appears to be a nod to “the green shoe option.” This is a provision in an IPO underwriting agreement that lets underwriters to sell up to 15% more shares than originally planned if demand is strong.
To get a deeper look into what happened today, and all the far-ranging implications of SpaceX now being a publicly traded company, Senior Reporter Sean O’Kane and AI Editor Russell Brandom sat down for a special episode of our Equity podcast, which you can listen to right here or via your podcast player of choice, or queue it up on YouTube here.
How to track the SpaceX IPO
With an offering this large, there is a lot of financial machinery operating behind the scenes — so the first question is just when the stock makes it to the market to start trading. SpaceX is debuting on Nasdaq and you can see the official Nasdaq listing here, which will have the price of record as soon as there is one. Nasdaq also has video of the SpaceX crew ringing the bell, if that’s your thing.
But the price is just part of the picture. For the most up-to-the-minute information, your best bet is still financial press outlets like Bloomberg and CNBC, both of which have liveblogs running and will have close coverage of any hiccups that happen in getting the stock to market.
The SpaceX IPO, by the numbers
Here we look at some of the bigger numbers, the consequential figures, and the eyewatering amounts that make up the company’s S-1 form.
For instance, SpaceX lost $4.9 billion on revenues of over $18 billion in 2025. That’s only a fraction of the more than $37 billion lost since SpaceX’s inception.
As CEO, Elon Musk holds about 85.1% of the company’s voting power. You can read more about that in the next section “Who wins and who doesn’t” — and we’ll continue to drop interesting numbers in here.
Here is another figure that caught our attention… 4,400. That’s the number of SpaceX employees who could become millionaires, according to the NYT.
Elon Musk can’t hear you over the sound of his $1.75 trillion IPO: The Equity podcast weighs in on the IPO.
Who wins and who doesn’t
SpaceX is the world’s largest IPO in history and means a big payday for some investors, employees, and of course, Elon Musk.
Elon Musk becomes the world’s first trillionaire after SpaceX’s historic IPO: The SpaceX IPO has boosted Musk’s paper wealth to more than $1,000,000,000,000 at a time when he is more hated — and powerful — than ever.
How Elon Musk will increase his power through the SpaceX IPO: Musk, who will have more than 50% of the voting power, will have a monarchical grip over the publicly traded version of SpaceX — control that goes far beyond what other tech founders enjoy.
Who will benefit most from SpaceX IPO? Mostly Elon — and a few from his inner circle: Elon Musk has the largest stake in SpaceX by billions of shares, but others also stand to win. Here’s the rundown of who owns what.
SpaceX SPV investors won’t know their true holdings until post-IPO lock-ups lift: After SpaceX makes its public debut, lower-tier SPV investors face hidden fees, lengthy payout delays, and the risk of outright fraud.
What’s in the S-1
The S-1 registration document gave the world an unprecedented look inside SpaceX, including its financials and its various businesses. The S-1 continued to be amended as the IPO date approached, and we were on it. Here is what we found.
The SpaceX IPO filing is filled with AI bets, Starship dreams, and Elon Musk at the center: The contents of the SpaceX IPO details a business dominated by its Starlink satellite internet offering, more than $37 billion in losses, and future business prospects through its xAI division.
Starship’s path to reusability looks murky after SpaceX’s S-1: SpaceX’s IPO and Starship rocket test flight delivered two big data points that offer a realistic vision for the coming years — and one that may disappoint both the company’s boosters and its critics.
SpaceX warns investors of future dilution, adding fuel to Tesla merger rumors: The company added new language to its S-1, a warning to prospective investors that a major dilution could be in the cards after it goes public.
Pre-IPO deals and events
Leading up to the IPO, SpaceX locked in a string of deals, mostly selling off compute to improve its balance sheet.
Anthropic will pay xAI $1.25B per month for compute: Initial coverage of the Anthropic deal on May 20.
How long is Anthropic’s lease with SpaceX? Opinions vary: Elon Musk keeps downplaying the duration of SpaceX’s contract with Anthropic.
Google will pay SpaceX $920M per month for compute: A Google representative described the deal as a short-term deal addressing unexpected demand for its recently launched AI products.
This article originally published at 10 am ET, June 12, 2026. It has been updated with new coverage of the SpaceX IPO, share price, and other related events.