内容来源：https://lifehacker.com/tech/10-screenshot-hacks-every-mac-user-should-know?utm_medium=RSS

内容总结：

macOS 自带截图工具十大隐藏技巧，效率提升不止一倍

尽管Mac上第三方截图软件表现出色，但苹果官方工具近年也在不断进化。如今，macOS自带的截图功能已足以满足绝大多数用户的需求——不仅能截取静态画面，还支持录屏甚至制作专业演示视频。如果你经常使用Mac截图，以下10个实用技巧值得掌握。

技巧一：截图直存剪贴板，告别桌面杂乱

多数截图其实无需保存文件。通过快捷键“Command+Control+Shift+3”（全屏）或“Command+Control+Shift+4”（区域）可直接将截图存入剪贴板，随时粘贴到任意应用或社交平台，完全避免文件堆积。若想彻底禁用“保存到桌面”的快捷键，可前往“系统设置>键盘>键盘快捷键>屏幕快照”，关闭“将屏幕画面存储为文件”及“将所选区域存储为文件”选项。

技巧二：自定义截图存储位置，桌面不再“伤痕累累”

默认情况下，截图文件会直接存放到桌面，极易造成混乱。按下“Command+Shift+5”，点击“选项>其他位置…”，即可自选或新建文件夹存放截图。之后还可将该文件夹拖入Dock栏“废纸篓”旁，方便随时访问。

技巧三：去除窗口截图阴影，画面更紧凑

使用“Command+Shift+4”后按空格键可截取单个窗口，但默认会附带阴影和透明边框。按住Option键再点击窗口，即可去除阴影。若想永久去除阴影，可在终端运行：defaults write com.apple.screencapture disable-shadow -bool true; killall SystemUIServer。恢复默认时，将“true”改为“false”再运行一次即可。

技巧四：截图工具放入Dock，一键直达

记不住快捷键？可将“截图”应用添加到Dock栏。在“应用程序>实用工具”文件夹中找到“截图”App，直接拖入Dock即可实现单击启动。

技巧五：记住万能快捷键“Command+Shift+5”

这个组合键会调出悬浮工具条，集合所有截图与录屏功能，包括全屏、窗口、区域截取及视频录制等选项。虽然操作比独立快捷键稍慢，但对新手来说一目了然，避免误操作。

技巧六：设置截图延时，捕捉完美瞬间

针对动态画面，可设置5秒或10秒延迟。按下“Command+Shift+5”，点击“选项”，在“计时器”中选择所需延时，即可从容完成画面布置再自动截取或录制。

技巧七：录屏中显示鼠标点击，指导更直观

在录制教学视频时，开启“显示鼠标点击”能让观众清楚看到点击位置。操作路径：“Command+Shift+5>选项>显示鼠标点按”。

技巧八：录制麦克风声音，制作有声演示

截图工具支持录制麦克风音频，甚至可外接专业麦克风。搭配5-10秒延时，即可一次性完成带解说的录屏内容。在“Command+Shift+5”中选择录屏选项，点击“选项”并选择麦克风即可。

技巧九：用Mac录制iPhone屏幕，突破限制

部分iOS应用禁止截图或录屏，且iPhone自带录屏无法覆盖所有场景。可通过Mac自带“iPhone镜像”功能无线连接手机，再用macOS截图工具录制。另一方法是用USB线连接iPhone，打开QuickTime Player，选择“文件>新建影片录制”，点击录制按钮旁的箭头并选取iPhone即可。

技巧十：截图格式改为JPG，节省大量空间

Mac默认以PNG格式保存截图，高分辨率屏幕下单张文件可能达数十MB。若存储空间紧张，可在终端运行：defaults write com.apple.screencapture type jpg; killall SystemUIServer，即可切换为JPG格式。需注意画质会有所下降，尤其是文字可能变得模糊。若需恢复，将命令中的“jpg”改为“png”再运行即可。

中文翻译：

虽然第三方截图应用在Mac上表现出色，但苹果一直在稳步改进其自带工具。如今，Mac自带的截图工具对大多数人来说已经足够好用。你当然可以用它来截图，但它能做的远不止这些，比如录制屏幕视频，甚至制作专业的屏幕录像。如果你经常在Mac上截图，下面这10个实用技巧你一定要知道。

把截图保存到剪贴板，告别杂乱无章

我发现我只需要保存大约10%的截图。如果使用默认设置，我的Mac会把另外90%也存下来，堆积成我永远不会去清理的杂乱文件。因此，我总是把截图保存到Mac的剪贴板里，这样我就可以直接粘贴到想要使用的应用中，完全不用保存图片文件。杂乱问题就此消失。在Mac上，你可以用两个键盘快捷键实现这一点：按Command-Control-Shift-3截取整个屏幕，或用Command-Control-Shift-4截取屏幕的某个区域。然后你就可以把这些截图粘贴到任何应用或社交媒体网站中。

我不但只用这些快捷键，还干脆把保存截图到Mac的快捷键禁用了，因为我基本用不上。如果你想做同样的设置，点击Mac屏幕左上角的苹果标志，进入“系统设置”>“键盘”>“键盘快捷键”>“截图”，在这里停用“将屏幕画面存储为文件”和“将所选区域存储为文件”。

更改默认截图文件夹，让桌面保持整洁

如果你打算把截图保存到Mac上，不一定非得用苹果的默认设置。在Mac上截图时，默认保存位置是桌面，这样很快就会堆满文件。为了避免这种混乱，按Command-Shift-5，然后进入“选项”>“其他位置…”。你可以选择一个文件夹，或者为截图新建一个文件夹。创建好之后，你可以打开访达，把它拖到程序坞的“废纸篓”旁边，方便快速访问。

去除阴影，让单窗口截图更清爽

你的Mac支持截取单个窗口的画面。按Command-Shift-4后，再按一下空格键，光标会变成相机图标，点击任意打开的窗口即可截取该窗口的画面。查看截图时，你会注意到macOS会在四周添加阴影效果以及透明边框。不过，如果你想要更紧凑的截图画面，可以用一个隐藏快捷键去掉阴影。

操作方法是：按Command-Shift-4，按空格键，然后在按住Option键的同时点击一个应用窗口。不过，每次想去掉阴影都得按住Option键。如果你想把无阴影截图设为默认，需要在“终端”中运行以下命令：

defaults write com.apple.screencapture disable-shadow -bool true; killall SystemUIServer

要恢复默认设置，只需把上述终端命令中的“true”换成“false”再运行一次即可。

把“截屏”应用添加到程序坞，访问更便捷

键盘快捷键固然好用，但不一定容易记住——尤其是macOS上截图选项很多。幸运的是，苹果允许你把“截屏”工具添加到Mac的程序坞中。要添加的话，打开Mac上的访达，进入“应用程序”文件夹，向下滚动，打开“实用工具”文件夹，然后把“截屏”工具拖到程序坞上，即可一键访问。

用这个快捷键一键调出所有截图工具

如果只能记住一个截图快捷键，那就是Command-Shift-5。这个组合键会调出你需要的所有截图选项，让你不用猜测截图工具到底在做什么。它会显示一个浮动工具栏，包含截图工具、屏幕录制工具，以及多种截取和录制选项。虽然比苹果的各种快捷键慢一些，但我无法否认所有选项集中在一个窗口中很方便，所以我总是向Mac截图新手推荐这个快捷键。

启用截图定时器，从容布置好屏幕再截取

如果你想截取某个有时效性或转瞬即逝的画面，很容易就错过了。与其盯着按钮掐时间按，不如设置5到10秒的延迟，从容地布置好截图或屏幕录制的画面，避免反复重来。要设置这个功能，按Command-Shift-5，进入“选项”，在“定时器”部分选择你需要的延迟时间。

在屏幕录制中显示鼠标点击，让别人看清你的操作

我一般喜欢在截图和屏幕录制中隐藏鼠标指针，但当父母需要解决Mac相关问题时，在屏幕录制中显示鼠标点击就很有帮助。这样他们能看到我的光标和每一次点击，方便跟着操作。要启用这个功能，按Command-Shift-5，点击“选项”，勾选“显示鼠标点按”。

录制麦克风声音，制作精良的屏幕录像

Mac的“截屏”工具支持录制带麦克风声音的屏幕，甚至还支持外接麦克风。配合5到10秒的录制启动延迟，你可以一次完成带音频的屏幕录像。要使用这个功能，按Command-Shift-5，选择任意一个屏幕录制选项，点击“选项”，在“麦克风”一栏选择你的麦克风即可。

用Mac录制iPhone屏幕

iPhone自带一个很不错的屏幕录制工具，但iOS不允许你录制手机上的所有内容。此外，一些应用会屏蔽截图和屏幕录制。如果你需要绕过这些限制，可以尝试用Mac来录制iPhone的屏幕。最简单的方法是使用Mac自带的“iPhone镜像”应用。你可以把iPhone通过无线方式连接到Mac，然后改用macOS的“截屏”工具。

QuickTime Player也提供了另一种方法，但你需要用USB数据线把iPhone连接到Mac。打开QuickTime Player，进入“文件”>“新建影片录制”开始操作。点击录制按钮旁边的向下箭头按钮，选择你的iPhone即可开始录制。

把默认截图格式改为JPG，节省存储空间

你的Mac默认截取高质量的图片，使用PNG格式。缺点是文件体积较大，尤其是在配备高分辨率显示屏的新款Mac上，每张截图可能达到几十兆字节。如果这些截图占用了太多空间，你可以用以下终端命令把默认截图格式改为JPG。

defaults write com.apple.screencapture type jpg; killall SystemUIServer

需要注意，这会显著降低截图质量，尤其是可能让图中的文字变得难以辨认。如果你对此感到困扰，可以把上述命令中的“jpg”换成“png”，恢复PNG格式的截图。

英文来源：

While third-party screenshot apps are excellent on the Mac, Apple has steadily improved its default tools. Today, the Mac's built-in screenshot utility is good enough for most people. You can, of course, use it to take screenshots, but you can do so much more, such as record a video of your screen, or even create professional screencasts. If you find yourself taking screenshots on your Mac, these are the 10 best hacks you need to know.
Clean up the clutter by saving screenshots to the clipboard
I find I only need to save around 10% of the screenshots I take. Left to its default settings, my Mac would save the other 90%, adding to an endless clutter I'd never take care of. As such, I always save screenshots to my Mac's clipboard, so I can paste it in the app of my choice without saving the image at all. Goodbye clutter. On your Mac, you can do this by using two keyboard shortcuts. Press Command-Control-Shift-3 for a screenshot of the entire screen, or use Command-Control-Shift-4 to capture an area of your screen. You can then paste these screenshots in any app or social media site.
Not only do I use these shortcuts exclusively, I've actually disabled the shortcuts to save screenshots to the Mac because I basically never use them. If you want to do the same, click the Apple logo in the top-left corner of your Mac's screen, and go to System Settings > Keyboard > Keyboard Shortcuts > Screenshots. Here, disable "Save picture of screen as a file" and "Save picture of selected area as a file."
Change the default screenshot folder to clean up your desktop
If you are going to save screenshots to your Mac, you don't have to live with Apple's defaults. When you take screenshots on the Mac, the default save location is the desktop. This piles up fast. To avoid this mess, press Command-Shift-5, and go to Options > Other Location…. You can choose a folder or create a new one for your screenshots. Once you create this folder, you can open Finder, and drag it to the Trash side of the Dock for quick access.
Remove shadows for cleaner single-window screenshots
Your Mac allows you to capture screenshots of a single window. After you hit Command-Shift-4, you can press the Spacebar key. This will turn your cursor into a camera icon, and you can click any open app to take a screenshot of the active window. When you view the screenshot, you'll notice that macOS adds a shadow effect on all sides, along with a transparent border. However, if you want a more tightly framed screenshot, you can eliminate the shadow with a hidden shortcut.
To do this, press Command-Shift-4, hit Spacebar, and hold down the Option key while clicking an app window. You'll have to hit Option every time you want to remove the shadow, however. If you want to make shadow-free screenshots the default, you'll have to run the following command in Terminal:
defaults write com.apple.screencapture disable-shadow -bool true; killall SystemUIServer
To restore defaults, you can simply replace "true" with "false" in the Terminal command and run it again.
Add the Screenshot app to the dock for easier access
Keyboard shortcuts are great, but they're not necessarily easy to remember—especially for the many screenshot options on macOS. Fortunately, Apple allows you to add the Screenshot utility to your Mac's Dock. To add it open Finder on your Mac, go to the Applications folder, then scroll down and open the Utilities folder. You can now drag the Screenshot tool to the Dock for one-click access.
Use this keyboard shortcut to access all screenshot tools in one place
If there's one screenshot keyboard shortcut to remember, it's Command-Shift-5. This key combination reveals all the screenshot options you need and doesn't leave any room for guesswork about what your screenshot tool is actually doing. It shows a floating toolbar with screenshot tools, screen recording tools, and multiple capture and record options. It's slower than using Apple's various keyboard shortcuts, but I can't argue against having all options available in a single window, so I always recommend this keyboard shortcut for those who are new to screenshots on Mac.
Add a screenshot timer to set up the screen before capture
If you're trying to take a screenshot of something timely or quick, it's easy to miss the moment. Instead of trying to hit the button at just the right time, you can set a delay of five to 10 seconds to set up a screenshot or a screen recording, and avoid retakes. To set this up, press Command-Shift-5, and go to Options. Under the Timer section, you can choose your delay timing.
Reveal mouse clicks in screen recordings to show what you're clicking
I generally like to hide the mouse pointer from screenshots and screen recordings, but when my parents need help with a Mac-related issue, showing mouse clicks in screen recordings helps. That way, they can see my cursor and all of my clicks, so they can follow along. You can enable this by pressing Command-Shift-5, clicking Options, and selecting Show mouse clicks.
Record microphone audio to create polished screencasts
Your Mac's Screenshot tool lets you record your screen with microphone audio, and even supports external mics. Pair this with a five to 10-second delay in starting the recording, and you can create screencasts with audio in one go. To use this feature, press Command-Shift-5, select any of the screen recording options, click Options, and select your mic from the Microphone section.
Use your Mac to record your iPhone's screen
The iPhone ships with a great screen recording tool, but iOS doesn't allow you to record everything on your phone. In addition, some apps block screenshots and screen recordings. If you need to bypass these restrictions, you can try using a Mac to record your iPhone's screen. The easiest method is to use the iPhone Mirroring app that ships with your Mac. You can connect the iPhone wirelessly to your Mac, and use the macOS Screenshot tool instead.
QuickTime Player offers another way to do this, but you'll need to plug your iPhone into your Mac using a USB cable. Open QuickTime Player, and go to File > New Movie Recording to get started. Click the down-arrow button next to the record button, and select your iPhone to start recording.
Save space by switching your default screenshot format to JPG
Your Mac takes high-quality screenshots by default, and it uses the PNG format for these images. The drawback is file sizes, and especially on newer Macs with high-resolution displays, you can end up with dozens of megabytes per screenshot. If these screenshots are taking up too much space on your Mac, you can use the following Terminal command to switch the default screenshot format to JPG.
defaults write com.apple.screencapture type jpg; killall SystemUIServer
Be aware that this will significantly reduce the quality of your screenshots, and in particular, it may make text illegible in these images. If that's bothering you, then you can restore PNG screenshots by replacing "jpg" with "png" in the command mentioned above.