内容来源：https://www.engadget.com/2236830/trump-slaps-100-percent-tariff-on-heavy-and-sensitive-drones/

内容总结：

美方宣布对重型及敏感无人机加征100%关税

白宫近日宣布，总统特朗普将对涉及“国家安全敏感”的无人机加征最高达100%的关税。此举将迫使美国无人机运营企业寻找其他供应商，或接受性能逊于中国产品的替代机型——目前中国无人机在美国市场占据主导地位。

根据白宫公布的政策，凡是重量超过25公斤（约55磅）的无人机，或配备停机坪、热成像功能的机型，将面临100%的关税。这些机型包括大疆等品牌用于电力巡检、植保喷洒和搜救任务的商用型号。重量在25公斤以下的无人机将被加征25%关税；来自欧盟、日本、韩国、瑞士和中国台湾地区的无人机，如其主要零部件在这些地区生产，则适用15%的税率；英国无人机关税为10%。

白宫方面表示，此次加征关税旨在强化国家安全，并推动无人机零部件生产“回流”美国。为此，政府将为在美投资建厂、制造无人机及其零部件的企业提供激励计划。有专家在接受《金融邮报》采访时指出，这一政策同时堵住了企业从中国采购组件、在美国组装的“漏洞”。

此次关税新政紧随美国联邦通信委员会近期的一项禁令之后，后者已禁止销售此前获批的搭载激光雷达的无人机，包括大疆在售的部分型号。不过，新关税被认为与此前美国颁布的禁止新购大疆无人机、摄像头、麦克风等消费品的禁令并无直接关联。

与中国在智能手机等高科技制造领域一样，中国在无人机产业上已遥遥领先于美国及其他国家。以大疆为例，其产品在技术上优势明显，几乎无法被其他品牌替代。业内人士指出，美国难以在本土生产同类无人机，原因与智能手机无法在美制造相同——美国缺乏中国所拥有的本地化供应链、专业化工厂、独特工程经验以及大规模熟练技工队伍。

中文翻译：

特朗普对重型及“敏感”无人机征收100%关税

此举将迫使运营商寻找其他供应商，或退而求其次选择性能较弱的机型。

白宫宣布，特朗普总统已对涉及国家安全的“特别敏感”无人机加征高达100%的关税。这一举措将迫使运营商寻找其他供应商，或接受性能不如主导美国市场的中国无人机的替代机型。

白宫将对重量超过25公斤（55磅）的无人机，或配备停机坪或热成像功能的无人机征收100%的关税。这些产品包括大疆及其他品牌面向商业领域的机型，常用于电力线路巡检、作物喷洒和搜救等作业。重量低于25公斤的无人机将被征收25%的关税，而来自欧盟、日本、韩国、瑞士和台湾地区的机型，若其零部件主要在这些地区生产，则将面临15%的关税。英国无人机将被征收10%的关税。

白宫表示，征收关税的目的是加强国家安全，并鼓励无人机零部件的“本土化生产”。为此，政府正在为在美国投资制造无人机及无人机零部件的企业制定激励计划。一位专家向《金融邮报》表示，此举还将堵住一个漏洞，即企业此前可在中国采购零部件并在美国组装以规避关税。

白宫的新关税出台之前，美国联邦通信委员会（FCC）近期已禁止销售此前获批的配备激光雷达的无人机，包括目前在美国市场有售的大疆部分机型。新关税似乎与此前美国禁止进口新的大疆无人机、摄像头、麦克风及其他消费产品的措施无关。

与智能手机及其他高科技产品的制造一样，中国在无人机领域遥遥领先于美国及其他任何国家。以大疆的机型为例，其在技术上的优势远超其他任何品牌，在市场上几乎不可替代。它们之所以难以在美国生产，原因与智能手机相同：美国缺乏中国所拥有的本地化供应链、专业化工厂、独特的工程知识以及大规模的技术工人队伍。

英文来源：

Trump slaps a 100 percent tariff on heavy and 'sensitive' drones
The move will force operators to find other suppliers or settle for models with lesser capabilities.
President Trump has imposed tariffs up to 100 percent on drones that are "particularly sensitive" for national security, the White House announced. The move will force operators to find other suppliers or settle for models with lesser capabilities than the Chinese drones that dominate the market in the US.
The White House will impose a 100 percent tariff on drones over 25kg (55 pounds), or those equipped with docking stations or thermal imaging capabilities. Those include commercial models from DJI and others used for operations like power line inspection, crop spraying and search and rescue. Drones under 25kg will be hit with a 25 percent tariff, and a 15 percent levy will be applied to models from the EU, Japan, Korea, Switzerland and Taiwan, provided their components are primarily made in those countries. UK drones will see a 10 percent tariff hit.
The aim with the tariffs, the White House stated, was to strengthen national security and encourage "on-shoring" of drone components. To the latter end, the government is creating incentive programs for US companies that make new investments in the manufacturing drones and drone components. The move will also close a loophole that allowed companies to buy components from China and assemble them in the US, an expert told The Financial Post.
The new White House tariffs follow a recent FCC move to ban sales of LiDAR-equipped drones it had previously approved, including models from DJI currently available in the US. The new tariffs appear unrelated to a current US ban on new DJI drones, cameras, microphones and other consumer products.
As with the manufacturing of smartphones and other high-tech products, China is leaps ahead of the US and any other country when it comes to drones. DJI's models, for example, are so technologically superior to any other brand that they're virtually irreplaceable in the market. They can't easily be built in the US for the same reason smartphones can't: America lacks the localized supply chains, specialized factories, unique engineering knowledge and large-scale skilled labor pools found in China.