内容来源：https://www.engadget.com/2191966/openai-china-influence-campaigns-against-data-centers-report/

内容总结：

OpenAI最新报告：疑似中国虚假账号利用ChatGPT挑拨美国民众反对AI数据中心

美国人工智能公司OpenAI近日发布一份调查报告，指出有疑似来自中国的虚假社交账号利用其旗下ChatGPT工具策划了一场信息战，试图煽动美国民众对AI数据中心产生负面情绪。这些账号被分为两个集群。

第一类账号被标记为“数据中心跟风”组织。据OpenAI披露，这些账号指示ChatGPT生成英文宣传要点和图像，包括连环漫画，重点强调AI数据中心如何推高电力需求、导致居民电费账单上涨。这些账号在社交媒体上伪装成不同背景的美国本地人，发布由ChatGPT生成的文本和图片内容。OpenAI认为，这些账号可能是某家中国私营公司的社交媒体团队成员，其客户为中国地方政府部门。这些操作的策划者甚至将一份策略文件上传给ChatGPT，详细描述了如何操纵公众舆论、如何规避检测建立虚假社交媒体账户。

该团伙还针对海外华人下手，指令ChatGPT生成辱骂性语言，用于骚扰持不同政见者及政治评论员。他们同时冒充美国当地的华人移民和专业人士，鼓动网络公众人物更多批评美国的政策失误。

值得注意的是，OpenAI指出这些用户的确引用了关于“电网运营商容量拍卖”和“数据中心电力需求”的真实新闻链接。AI数据中心周边城镇电费上涨确有其事，这也是AI热潮对普通人产生的最直接的实际影响之一。据彭博社报道，与五年前相比，数据中心周边地区的月电费最高上涨了267%，因为电力需求远超供给。

与此同时，Openami发现的第二类账号集群则专注生成批评美国关税和科技政策的内容，尤其强调美国“背刺盟友”。该团伙要求ChatGPT在生成的图像中不要出现中国国家主席习近平的形象，并指令机器人用英语、意大利语、日语以及繁体中文撰写评论，目标锁定台湾地区受众。

OpenAI承认，这些信息战行动并未获得太多真实的公众互动，也未能真正改变舆论走向。从报告本身看，它们聚焦的正是原本就在美国互联网上极具争议和讨论度的话题。该公司解释称，这些行动之所以值得关注，是因为“操作者试图秘密介入一场关于美国AI能力未来的现实辩论，同时隐藏自己的身份和动机”。至于为什么这些账号选择使用美国AI聊天机器人而不是中国的DeepSeek，OpenAI自己也感到困惑：“我们无法确定这一选择背后的驱动力。”

中文翻译：

OpenAI称，来自中国的虚假账户试图挑拨美国民众反对数据中心
该公司发布了一份关于与华有关、利用ChatGPT开展影响力活动的报告。
OpenAI发布了一份关于ChatGPT用户的报告，称这些用户很可能位于中国，他们利用该聊天机器人策划了一场旨在影响美国民众对人工智能数据中心看法的活动。该公司将这些用户分为两组，第一组被其称为“数据中心跟风”群体。据称，属于该群体的账号曾要求ChatGPT生成英语谈话要点和图像（如漫画），内容聚焦于人工智能数据中心如何推高电力需求，以及由此导致消费者账单上涨。
OpenAI表示，这些用户在社交媒体上冒充来自不同背景的美国人，发布他们从ChatGPT获取的文字和图像输出。OpenAI认为，他们是一家为中国地方政府客户服务的私营中国公司的社交媒体团队成员。他们甚至向该聊天机器人上传了一份文件，描述其目标和策略，包括如何影响公众舆论，以及如何建立难以被发现的虚假社交媒体账号。
该群体还针对居住在国外的中国人，甚至要求ChatGPT生成侮辱性言论，用以骚扰中国异见人士和政治评论员。同时，他们冒充居住在美国的华人移民和专业人士，怂恿网络公众人物更多地谈论美国政策的失败。
值得注意的是，尽管这些用户很可能使用虚假账号在社交媒体上发帖，但OpenAI表示，他们发布了“关于电网运营商容量拍卖和数据中心电力需求的合法新闻报道”的链接。人工智能数据中心附近城镇电费上涨是一个非常现实的担忧，也是人们最先切身感受到的人工智能热潮的直接影响之一。据彭博社报道，在数据中心附近的地区，现在的月电费比五年前高出267%，因为其能源需求超过了供应。
与此同时，OpenAI发现的第二组账号生成了批评美国关税和技术政策的评论和图像。他们特别专注于生成批评美国的内容，并强调美国一直在背后捅盟友刀子。该群体要求ChatGPT不要在其生成的图像中出现中国国家主席习近平，并指示该聊天机器人用英语、意大利语、日语和繁体中文撰写评论，以针对台湾受众。
OpenAI承认，这些活动未能获得太多真实的互动，也并未真正改变公众舆论。根据OpenAI自己的报告，它们聚焦于本已在网络上被广泛讨论的真实争议性问题。OpenAI解释称，这些活动之所以重要，是因为“操作者试图在隐瞒身份和动机的情况下，隐秘地介入美国国内关于国家人工智能能力未来的持续辩论。”至于这些活动为何选择使用美国的人工智能聊天机器人而非例如DeepSeek，就连OpenAI也无法解释。其报告写道：“我们无法确定是什么驱使他们做出了这种选择。”

英文来源：

OpenAI says fake accounts from China tried to turn Americans against data centers
The company has published a report about China-linked influence campaigns that used ChatGPT.
OpenAI has published a report about ChatGPT users, who it says were likely based in China, that used the chatbot to plan a campaign designed to sway Americans' opinions about AI data centers. It divided the users into two clusters, the first of which it had designated the "Data Center Bandwagon" group. Accounts categorized in the group allegedly asked ChatGPT to generate English-language talking points and images, such as comic strips, which focus on how AI data centers drive up demand in electricity and how that leads to higher bills for consumers.
The company says these users posed as Americans from a variety of backgrounds on social media, where they had posted the text and image output they got from ChatGPT. OpenAI believes they're part of a social media team at a private Chinese company working for local government clients. They apparently even uploaded a file to the chatbot describing their objectives and strategies on how to sway public opinion and how to establish fake social media accounts without getting detected.
This group also targeted Chinese people based in other countries, even going as far as to ask ChatGPT to generate insults meant to harass Chinese dissidents and political commentators. While posing as US-based Chinese immigrants and professionals, they egged online public personalities to speak more about US policy failures, as well.
It's worth noting that while the users most likely used inauthentic accounts to post on social media, the company says they posted links to "legitimate news stories about the power grid operator's capacity auctions and data center power demand." The rise of electricity costs in towns and cities near AI data centers is a very real concern and is one of the first effects of the AI boom that people felt firsthand. According to a Bloomberg report, electricity now costs as much as 267 percent more for a month compared to five years ago in areas close to data centers, because their energy demands outstrip supply.
Meanwhile, the second cluster of accounts that OpenAI discovered generated comments and images criticizing US tariffs and tech policies. They specifically focused on generating content critical of the US and emphasized that the country has been backstabbing allies. This group asked ChatGPT to keep Chinese President Xi Jinping out of the images they generated and told the chatbot to write comments in English, Italian, Japanese and traditional Chinese to target Taiwanese audiences.
OpenAI admits the campaigns failed to gain much authentic engagement and that they haven't exactly shifted public opinion. Based on OpenAI's report itself, they focused on real issues that are already controversial and discussed widely online in the first place. The company explains that the reason these campaigns are significant is because the "operators attempted to covertly insert themselves into an ongoing American debate about the future of the country's AI capabilities while hiding who they were and what motivated them." As for why the campaigns chose to use an American AI chatbot instead of, say, DeepSeek, even OpenAI couldn't tell. "We are not in a position to determine what drove this choice," its report reads.