内容来源：https://www.wired.com/story/sk-telecom-anthropic-mythos-export-controls/

内容总结：

特朗普政府对Anthropic最先进AI技术实施出口管制，源于该公司允许韩国电信巨头SK Telecom访问其“Claude Mythos”模型后引发的争议。 据知情人士透露，美方官员对SK Telecom与中国的关系表示担忧。

这些担忧在亚马逊后来向白宫报告其“Fable 5”模型中发现的漏洞后进一步加剧。Fable 5是Anthropic于6月9日向公众发布的高度安全版本的Mythos模型。亚马逊研究人员称，有可能绕过Fable 5的部分防护措施，获取Mythos强大的网络能力，尽管Anthropic和外部网络安全专家认为这些风险并非Claude模型所独有。

据一位接近美国政府的人士称，这一系列事件最终导致白宫认定，不能信任Anthropic能保护其最先进的人工智能技术。上周五，特朗普政府命令Anthropic撤销所有外国公民（包括美国境内的移民）对Mythos和Fable 5模型的访问权限。由于根据国籍来限制技术访问权限的过程难以在保护隐私的同时实施，Anthropic最终决定完全禁用这些模型的访问权限。经过数日谈判，白宫与Anthropic仍未就如何重新上线Claude Mythos和Fable 5达成一致。

Anthropic拒绝置评。白宫和SK电信未立即回应置评请求。《华盛顿邮报》此前报道称，特朗普政府官员在得知Mythos的获授权方包括一家他们“认为与中国有联系”的“韩国电信公司”后感到震惊，但该报道未点名具体公司。针对该报道，SK电信向一家韩国报纸表示，“外媒匿名内部人士的言论缺乏经核实的事实，我公司与中国并无关联。”

一位接近Anthropic的人士表示，该公司将SK电信访问Mythos一事与亚马逊发现的漏洞问题视为独立事件。他们指出，美国政府要求Anthropic将Claude Mythos和Fable 5的访问权限限制为仅限美国公民的信函中，并未提及该韩国公司或中国。

由于Claude Mythos在识别软件漏洞方面能力超群，Anthropic最初通过一个名为“Project Glasswing”的项目，仅向一小部分受信任的组织开放早期访问权限。本月初，在“与外部专家及美国政府进行了数周密切合作”后，Anthropic扩大了该项目，韩国最大无线运营商SK电信成为获得Mythos访问权限的大约150家公司之一。SK电信曾多次向Anthropic注资，包括2023年的一笔1亿美元投资，当时双方还建立了商业合作伙伴关系，共同开发针对电信行业的人工智能模型。SK电信是与三星电子、韩国互联网振兴院等一同参与Project Glasswing项目的韩国机构之一。

据一位接近该AI实验室的人士称，本月初，在Anthropic宣布Project Glasswing最新扩容后不久，白宫就要求其撤销SK电信对Mythos的访问权限。消息人士向《连线》杂志透露，Anthropic立即遵守了要求，且美国政府当时并未威胁要对模型实施出口管制。

尽管SK电信本身似乎在中国没有大规模业务，但它隶属于规模更大的SK集团，该集团的关联公司在中国拥有横跨半导体、能源等多个领域的广泛商业利益。2024年，SK电信来自中国的收入仅为约190万美元，主要来自投资相关活动，且在中国仅雇佣了7名员工。但其涉足中国电信行业的历史已超过20年。2004年，SK电信与国有电信运营商中国联通成立了一家名为UNISK的合资企业，在中国提供无线互联网和移动内容服务。这是外国公司与国内运营商之间最早的合资企业之一。2006年，SK电信投资10亿美元购买了联通红筹公司发行的可转换债券，这些债券最终转换为约6.6%的股权。但合作关系在几年后开始解除。SK电信于2009年以约13亿美元的价格将其持有的中国联通股份卖回给这家国内运营商，尽管它至今仍保留着与该合资企业相关的一小部分财务权益。在其向美国证券交易委员会提交的2025年年度文件中，SK电信列出了一项约1700万美元的UNISK投资。

2021年，第一届特朗普政府限制美国对中国联通的投资，这是其针对被华盛顿方面声称与军方和情报部门有关的中国企业实施的更广泛行动的一部分。今年4月，美国联邦通信委员会以国家安全为由，提议禁止美国电信公司与中国联通及其他国内运营商进行互联互通，中国联通最近警告称，此举可能扰乱全球通信。

（本文由Hugo Lowell和Zeyi Yang对本文有贡献。）

中文翻译：

据知情人士透露，特朗普政府决定对Anthropic公司最强大的人工智能技术实施出口管制，此前双方曾因该公司允许韩国电信巨头SK电信使用其克劳德·密托斯模型发生争执。这些知情人士称，美方官员担忧SK电信与中国存在关联。

当亚马逊后来向白宫通报其在《寓言5》中发现的漏洞时，这些担忧似乎进一步加剧。《寓言5》是Anthropic于6月9日向公众发布的高度安全版本的密托斯模型。亚马逊研究人员声称，有可能绕过《寓言5》的部分防护措施，获取密托斯强大的网络能力——尽管Anthropic及外部网络安全专家认为，这些风险并非克劳德独有。

据一位接近美国政府的人士称，正是这一连串事件最终导致白宫认定，不能信任Anthropic能妥善保护其最先进的人工智能技术。上周五，特朗普政府命令Anthropic撤销所有外国公民（包括在美国境内的移民）对密托斯和《寓言5》的访问权限。

Anthropic认为，与其根据国籍设置技术使用门槛——这一过程在保护隐私的同时难以实施——不如干脆完全禁用这些模型的访问权限。经过数天关于让克劳德·密托斯和《寓言5》重新上线运行的谈判后，白宫与Anthropic仍处于僵持状态。

Anthropic拒绝置评。白宫和SK电信未立即回应置评请求。《华盛顿邮报》此前报道称，特朗普政府官员震惊地获悉，密托斯模型的接收方包括一家他们认定与中国有关联的"韩国电信公司"，但该报道未提及公司名称。针对该报道，SK电信向一家韩国报社表示："外媒匿名知情人士的言论缺乏经核实的事实依据，我公司与中国不存在任何关联。"

一位接近Anthropic的人士表示，该公司认为SK电信获取密托斯访问权限与亚马逊发现的漏洞是两回事。他们指出，美国政府要求Anthropic将克劳德·密托斯和《寓言5》访问权限仅限美国公民的信函中，并未提及这家韩国公司或中国。

由于克劳德·密托斯在识别软件漏洞方面能力超群，Anthropic此前通过名为"玻璃翼计划"的项目，仅向一小批受信任的组织开放早期访问权限。本月早些时候，随着Anthropic在与外部专家及美国政府"经过数周紧密协作"后扩大该计划，韩国最大无线运营商SK电信成为约150家获得密托斯访问权限的公司之一。

SK电信多次向Anthropic注资，包括2023年的一笔1亿美元投资，当时双方还建立了商业合作伙伴关系，共同开发针对电信行业的人工智能模型。该公司是与三星电子、韩国互联网与安全局一同参与"玻璃翼计划"的几家韩国机构之一。

据一位接近该人工智能实验室的人士称，本月早些时候，在Anthropic宣布"玻璃翼计划"最新扩容后不久，白宫要求Anthropic撤销SK电信对密托斯的访问权限。《连线》杂志获悉，该公司立即遵照执行，美国政府当时并未威胁要对其实施出口管制。

尽管SK电信本身似乎在中国没有大规模业务，但它隶属于规模更大的SK集团，该集团旗下关联企业在中国拥有涵盖半导体、能源及其他产业的广泛商业利益。

根据其年报，2024年SK电信来自中国的收入仅约190万美元，主要来自投资相关活动，且在中国仅雇佣了7名员工。

但其涉足中国电信行业可追溯至20多年前。2004年，SK电信与中国国有电信运营商中国联通合资成立"联通时科"，在中国提供无线互联网和移动内容服务。这是外国公司与中国运营商最早成立的合资企业之一。

2006年，SK电信投资10亿美元购买中国联通香港上市子公司发行的可转换债券，这些债券最终转换为约6.6%的股权。但这一合作关系在数年后开始瓦解。2009年，SK电信将所持中国联通股份以约13亿美元售回给这家中国运营商，不过其仍通过该合资企业维持少量财务利益。在2025年向美国证券交易委员会提交的年度文件中，SK电信列示了对联通时科约1700万美元的投资。

2021年，首个特朗普政府限制美国对中国联通的投资，这是针对华盛顿方面所称与中国军方及情报部门有关联的中国企业采取的更广泛行动的一部分。今年4月，美国联邦通信委员会以国家安全为由，提议禁止美国电信公司与中国联通及其他中国运营商进行网络互联，中国联通近期警告称这一举措可能扰乱全球通信。

雨果·洛威尔、杨子毅对本文有报道贡献。

英文来源：

The Trump administration’s move to impose export controls on Anthropic’s most powerful AI technology followed a spat over the company granting South Korean telecom giant SK Telecom access to its Claude Mythos model, according to people familiar with the matter. US officials were concerned about what they alleged were SK Telecom’s ties to China, those people said.
Those concerns appear to have compounded when Amazon later flagged vulnerabilities it identified in Fable 5 to the White House. Fable 5 is a highly safeguarded version of Mythos that Anthropic released to the public on June 9. The Amazon researchers claimed that it was possible to circumvent some of Fable 5’s guardrails and access Mythos’ formidable cybercapabilities, though Anthropic and outside cybersecurity experts have argued these risks are not unique to Claude.
The confluence of events is what ultimately led the White House to determine that it could not trust Anthropic to safeguard its most advanced AI technology, according to a person close to the administration. On Friday, the Trump administration ordered Anthropic to revoke access to Mythos and Fable 5 for all foreign nationals, including immigrants inside the US.
Rather than gate access to its technology based on nationality, a process that would be difficult to implement while also preserving privacy, Anthropic decided it was better to disable access to the models entirely. The White House and Anthropic remain at odds after days of negotiations about bringing Claude Mythos and Fable 5 back online.
Anthropic declined to comment. The White House and SK Telecom did not immediately respond to a request for comment. The Washington Post previously reported that Trump administration officials were alarmed to learn that the Mythos recipients included a “South Korean telecommunications company” they believed had links to China, though the article did not name the firm. In response to that reporting, SK Telecom told a Korean newspaper that the “anonymous insider’s remarks in foreign media lack verified facts, and our company has no ties to China.”
A person close to Anthropic said the company viewed SK Telecom’s access to Mythos and the vulnerabilities that Amazon identified as separate issues. They noted that the letter the US government sent to Anthropic demanding that it restrict access to Claude Mythos and Fable 5 solely to US nationals doesn’t reference the Korean company or China.
Because Claude Mythos is exceptionally skilled at identifying software vulnerabilities, Anthropic restricted early access to a small group of trusted organizations through a program called Project Glasswing. Earlier this month, SK Telecom, South Korea’s largest wireless carrier, became one of roughly 150 companies to receive access to Mythos as Anthropic expanded the program “following several weeks of close collaboration” with outside experts and the US government.
SK Telecom has poured capital into Anthropic several times, including a $100 million investment in 2023 that coincided with the formation of a commercial partnership to develop an AI model tailored to the telecommunications industry. It was one of several Korean organizations to participate in Project Glasswing, along with Samsung Electronics and the Korea Internet and Security Agency.
Earlier this month, shortly after Anthropic announced Project Glasswing’s latest expansion, the White House asked Anthropic to revoke SK Telecom’s access to Mythos, according to a person close to the AI lab. The company immediately complied, sources tell WIRED, and the US government did not threaten to put export controls on the model at the time.
While SK Telecom itself does not appear to have large operations in China, it’s part of a much bigger conglomerate called SK Group, whose affiliates maintain extensive business interests in the country spanning semiconductors, energy, and other industries.
In 2024, SK Telecom generated only about $1.9 million in revenue from China, primarily from investment-related activities, and employed just seven people there, according to its annual report.
But its involvement in China's telecom industry stretches back more than 20 years. In 2004, SK Telecom and China Unicom, a state-owned telecommunications operator, formed a joint venture called UNISK to provide wireless internet and mobile content services in China. It was one of the first joint ventures between a foreign company and a Chinese carrier.
In 2006, SK Telecom invested $1 billion in convertible bonds issued by China Unicom's Hong Kong–listed unit, which were eventually converted into a roughly 6.6 percent equity stake. But the partnership began unwinding several years later. SK Telecom sold its stake in China Unicom back to the Chinese carrier in 2009 for approximately $1.3 billion, though it has continued to maintain a small financial interest connected to the venture. In its 2025 annual filing with the US Securities and Exchange Commission, SK Telecom listed an investment in UNISK valued at roughly $17 million.
In 2021, the first Trump administration restricted US investment in China Unicom as part of a broader effort targeting Chinese firms Washington said were linked to the country's military and intelligence sectors. In April of this year, citing national security concerns, the US Federal Communications Commission proposed barring US telecom firms from interconnecting with China Unicom and other Chinese carriers, a move that China Unicom recently warned could disrupt global communications.
Hugo Lowell and Zeyi Yang contributed reporting.