内容来源：https://www.engadget.com/2203334/easy-ways-get-more-range-out-ev/

内容总结：

轻松提升电动汽车续航的五个实用技巧

随着现代电动汽车技术的进步，“里程焦虑”已不再是主要问题。如今，主流电动车的EPA认证续航普遍达到300英里（约480公里）以上，部分车型甚至接近500英里（约800公里）。但在长途旅行或途经充电设施稀疏的区域时，掌握一些省电技巧仍能帮你“榨出”更多续航里程。以下是五个简单有效的方法：

1. 善用动能回收系统
与传统燃油车刹车时浪费动能不同，电动车和混动车能通过电机反向发电，将减速产生的动能转化为电能储存。美国能源部数据显示，动能回收在综合路况下可为电动车回收约22%的能量。在不需要紧急制动时，平稳利用回收功能，能持续为电池补充少量电量。

2. 空调别开太猛
电动车空调完全依赖电池供电，会直接消耗续航里程。建议在离家前，先通过家用电源对车辆进行“预调温”，让座舱达到适宜温度，这样制冷/制热的重活由电网承担。行驶中可配合遮阳帘、先开窗换气、使用座椅通风等节能方式，减少空调负担。

3. 尽量避免低温行驶
寒冷天气会减缓电池内部的化学反应速度。美国能源部指出，零度以下气温可使续航缩水高达32%。《消费者报告》实测显示，在约零下8.8℃、时速112公里的条件下，续航相比温暖天气（约18℃）减少约25%。冬季用车时，除了电池性能下降，为座舱加热也会额外耗电。

4. 清理后备箱杂物
空气阻力是影响电动车续航的关键因素。许多车型（如Lucid Air的风阻系数低至0.197）通过降低风阻来提升续航。因此，应移除车顶行李架、自行车架、货箱盖等影响空气动力学的附件。同时减轻后备箱负重，每多一份重量，都会降低能效。

5. 改掉“地板油”习惯
猛踩加速踏板会瞬间消耗大量电能。如果每个路口都追求急加速，长期下来反而会增加充电频率。建议多使用定速巡航或经济模式驾驶。另外，车速越高风阻越大。《Car and Driver》测试显示，起亚EV9在时速88公里和120公里行驶时，续航差距可达100英里（约160公里）以上。平稳驾驶，才是延长续航的王道。

中文翻译：

5种轻松提升电动车续航的方法
这些小技巧能帮你减少充电时间，更多享受驾驶乐趣。
现代电动车早已摆脱了“里程焦虑”的困扰。如今，车企至少要通过EPA认证的300英里续航才能获得市场认可（菲亚特500e除外）。部分车型甚至能达到近500英里续航。不过，若是长途自驾或途经充电设施匮乏的区域，不妨试试以下技巧从电池中“榨”出更多里程。除了常规的省电妙招外，这五种方法能让你在两次充电之间获得更长续航。

善用再生制动
混动车和电动车不像传统燃油车那样浪费刹车产生的动能，而是将这部分能量转化为电能储存到电池中。各家车企的再生制动技术虽有差异，但基本原理相同：驱动车轮的电机可以反向充当发电机，回收减速时产生的电能。
非紧急制动时，再生制动系统会自动介入，为电池小幅度充电，从而提升续航。虽然难以精确计算能多跑多少里程，但美国能源部数据显示，再生制动在城郊综合路况下可为电动车回收22%的能量。

空调温度别调太低
不同于用压缩机驱动空调的老式燃油车，电动车需依靠电池为座舱制冷。这意味着空调和续航共用同一能源。
建议在家中充电时提前启动座舱预冷功能。这样将座舱调至舒适温度的主要能耗来自电网而非电池。行车途中虽仍需电池维持温度，但无需全力运转。此外，也可使用遮阳板、开窗通风换气，或选择通风座椅替代空调制冷。

避免低温行驶
极端严寒同样影响续航。冬季低温会减缓电池内部化学反应速度。美国能源部指出，冰点温度可能使续航衰减高达32%。
《消费者报告》实测显示，在70英里时速下，16°F（约-9°C）的低温环境比65°F（约18°C）的天气减少约25%续航。如同夏季开空调，严寒天气下为座舱供暖同样会消耗续航。

清空后备箱杂物
空气动力学对燃油车的能效影响显著，而它对电动车续航计算更是关键因素。风阻越小续航越长，因此许多车企竞相标榜低风阻系数（如Lucid Air的0.197cd值）。
务必移除车顶行李架、自行车架、货箱盖或行李架横杆等影响空气动力学的配件。若想进一步压榨续航，请保持后备箱整洁——任何额外负重都会降低能效。

管住你的右脚
尽管车主们总想秀一把电动车迅猛的加速性能，但想最大化续航就得控制深踩油门的冲动。猛踩加速踏板时，车辆需消耗大量电能实现瞬间提速。每一次路口急加速的累积效应，最终会延长充电时间。
想提升续航，建议使用定速巡航或开启经济模式。此外，车速越快空气阻力越大。《名车志》实测显示，起亚EV9以55英里/小时和75英里/小时行驶时，续航差值超过100英里。

英文来源：

5 easy ways to get more range out of your EV
These little tricks will help you spend more time driving instead of charging.
Modern electric vehicles have come a long way since range anxiety was an actual concern. These days, EV makers have to clear an EPA-verified range of at least 300 miles to be taken seriously. Sorry, Fiat 500e. Some EVs even boast a range closer to 500 miles. Still, for longer road trips or if you plan to be passing through an EV charging desert, it might make sense to try some techniques to squeeze a little more range out of your EV's battery. Beyond the typical ways to get more mileage out of cars in general, here are five ways to keep your EV going for longer between charging.
Take advantage of regenerative braking
Instead of wasting all the kinetic energy generated from braking like in traditional internal combustion engine cars, hybrids and EVs can capture all that potentially lost energy and convert it into electricity that powers its battery. Each EV maker has its own way of doing regenerative braking, but the general idea is that the electric motors that propel the EV forward can also act as a generator that captures the electricity generated from slowing down.
In cases where emergency braking isn't needed, regenerative braking will step in and create small bursts of battery charge and bumps in EV range. It's hard to say exactly how many more miles you'll get thanks to this, but the US Department of Energy said that regenerative braking results in 22 percent energy recovery for EVs in combined city and highway driving.
Chill on the AC
Unlike older gasoline-powered cars that use a compressor to power the air conditioning, an EV will rely on its battery to pump cold air into the cabin. That means EVs are using the same power source that supplies you with both air conditioning and range.
Instead, you may want to precondition your EV while it's still plugged into an outlet at home. This way, all the heavy lifting of getting your cabin to the right temperature will be drawn from the power outlet and not the EV's battery. Of course, you'll still have to rely on the battery to keep you cool while driving, but it won't have to work as hard to get down to the perfect temps. Alternatively, you could employ basic techniques like using sun shades, flushing out the stale air by rolling down the windows, or even opt for ventilated seats instead of turning on the AC.
Avoid driving in the cold
On the other end of the thermometer, extreme cold weather conditions can also impact your EV range. In the winter, cold temperatures can slow down the chemical reactions in your EV battery that produce power. According to the Department of Energy, freezing temperatures can affect EV range by up to 32 percent.
Consumer Reports did real-world tests that showed that cold weather of around 16 degrees can reduce an EV's range by about 25 percent when driving at 70 mph, compared to driving in the same conditions but on a day in the mid-60 degrees. Just like running the AC on a summer day, driving in the frigid weather may cost you some range through needing to pump heat into the cabin, too.
Get rid of the junk in your trunk
While aerodynamics affects all cars and how efficiently they drive, it's a major contributing factor to how EVs calculate their range. Less drag means more range, which is why many EV makers boast about their low drag coefficient numbers, like the Lucid Air and its 0.197.
Considering that, it's important to remove any accessories from your EV that would affect its aerodynamics, including roof racks, bike racks, tonneau covers or crossbars. To eke out even more range, you can try to keep your trunk clean since any additional weight will also reduce your EV's efficiency.
Tame the need for speed
As much as all EV drivers want to show off their rapid acceleration, it's better to not have a lead foot when it comes to maximizing range. When you floor the accelerator, your EV has to burn a significant amount of power to achieve that burst of speed. If you add up that inefficient acceleration at every single intersection, you may end up spending more time charging your EV in the long run.
To get more range out of your EV, it's better to coast on cruise control or tap into your EV's eco mode. On top of that, the faster you go, the more air resistance you introduce. In tests conducted by Car and Driver, driving at 55 mph and at 75 mph contributed to more than 100 miles of range lost with the Kia EV9.