内容来源：https://www.engadget.com/science/space/blue-origin-landed-its-recycled-new-glenn-booster-but-failed-to-put-payload-in-orbit-055846419.html?src=rss

内容总结：

蓝色起源公司于近日执行"新格伦"火箭第三次发射任务，成功实现该型号一级助推器的首次回收复用，但未能将AST SpaceMobile公司的通信卫星送入预定轨道。

本次发射初期进展顺利。火箭升空三分钟后，一级助推器按计划分离，并在两次制动点火后于发射后十分钟平稳降落在回收船上。这是该枚名为"永不认输"的助推器继去年11月首飞后的第二次成功回收，标志着蓝色起源在可重复使用火箭技术领域取得重要突破。

然而任务在末级火箭工作阶段出现异常。据卫星制造商AST SpaceMobile通报，卫星虽成功分离并启动电源，但因入轨高度仅约153公里（原计划458公里），无法维持正常运行，将再入大气层坠毁。该公司表示卫星损失预计可通过保险获得赔付。

此次故障导致AST SpaceMobile构建高速直连卫星网络的测试计划受阻。该卫星原定在轨道展开约223平方米天线，与太空中的其他六颗卫星组网测试。

尽管遭遇挫折，蓝色起源在火箭复用进度上仍展现出竞争力——该公司仅通过三次发射即实现轨道级助推器回收复用，而SpaceX当年实现同类成就则用了32次飞行。蓝色起源的下次任务预计将为亚马逊"柯伊伯计划"发射48颗宽带卫星，目前亟需查明并解决末级火箭技术问题。

中文翻译：

蓝色起源公司成功回收了其"新格伦"火箭的一级助推器，但未能将有效载荷送入预定轨道。上级火箭疑似出现故障，导致卫星"轨道高度过低无法维持运行"。

在烟雾与火焰交织中，蓝色起源的"新格伦"火箭一级助推器首次成功降落在回收船上，实现了该型号助推器的历史性复用。这枚名为"永不言败"的助推器继去年11月从首次发射任务中回收后，完成了第二次飞行与复用。然而，这家火箭公司的首次商业发射任务因未能将通信卫星有效载荷送入轨道而蒙上阴影。

发射初期进展顺利。根据蓝色起源创始人杰夫·贝索斯在X平台发布的动态，GS1一级助推器在升空三分钟后与火箭分离，经过两次制动燃烧，于发射后十分钟平稳着陆。

——杰夫·贝索斯 (@JeffBezos) 2026年4月19日

但数小时后，蓝色起源团队与卫星制造商AST SpaceMobile共同宣布有效载荷未能进入预定轨道。"我们已确认有效载荷分离，"蓝色起源在X平台声明，"AST SpaceMobile确认卫星已启动。有效载荷被置于非预定轨道，我们正在评估情况，将在获得详细信息后更新进展。"

AST SpaceMobile在后续新闻稿中透露："卫星虽与运载火箭分离并成功启动，但其轨道高度过低，现有星载推进技术无法维持运行，即将离轨坠毁。卫星成本预计可通过公司保险政策获得赔付。"

按计划，火箭上级应通过两次点火将卫星送入285英里高度的轨道。随后卫星将展开2400平方英尺的天线，与AST高速直连蜂窝网络的其余六颗测试卫星组网。但早期遥测数据显示卫星仅到达95英里高度，远低于可持续运行轨道。故障具体原因仍在调查中。

尽管遭遇挫折，蓝色起源仍可从一级助推器的成功复用中获得慰藉——这仅是"新格伦"火箭第三次飞行任务（NG-3）就实现了复用。相比之下，SpaceX在首次成功复用轨道级助推器前共进行了32次飞行。

蓝色起源亟需尽快解决上级火箭问题。其下一次飞行任务是将亚马逊低轨宽带卫星（原柯伊伯计划）首批48颗卫星送入轨道，这将使目前拥有241颗卫星的星链竞争对手星座规模实现重大扩张。

英文来源：

Blue Origin landed its recycled New Glenn booster but failed to put payload in orbit
A likely problem with the upper stage meant that the satellite was 'too low to sustain operations.'
Blue Origin has successfully reused its first-stage New Glenn booster for the first time after it landed in a cloud of smoke and fire on a recovery ship. It marks the second flight and reuse of Never Tell me the Odds, after the booster was recovered from New Glenn's previous launch in November last year. However, the rocket company's first commercial mission was marred by a failure to place the communications satellite payload into orbit.
The launch went smoothly to start with, with the first-stage GS1 booster separating from New Glenn after three minutes and landing smoothly 10 minutes after launch following two braking burns, as shown in a post on X from Blue Origin's owner, Jeff Bezos.
— Jeff Bezos (@JeffBezos) April 19, 2026
However, several hours later the Blue Origin team and satellite manufacturer, AST SpaceMobile, announced that the payload had failed to reach orbit. "We have confirmed payload separation," Blue Origin announced on X. "AST SpaceMobile has confirmed the satellite has powered on. The payload was placed into an off-nominal orbit. We are currently assessing and will update when we have more detailed information."
Later on in a press release, AST SpaceMobile revealed that "the satellite separated from the launch vehicle and powered on, [but] the altitude [was] too low to sustain operations with its on-board thruster technology and will de-orbited. The cost of the satellite is expected to be recovered under the company’s insurance policy."
The upper stage was supposed to position the satellite into a 285 mile orbit after completing two burns. It would have then unfolded a 2,400 square-foot antenna and linked with six other satellites in a test for AST's high-speed direct-to-cell network. However, early telemetry data showed that the satellite only reached 95 miles, well below a sustainable orbit. It's not yet clear how the failure occurred.
Despite that, Blue Origin can take some solace in its successful first-stage reuse, particularly since it happened on just the third New Glenn mission (NG-3). It took SpaceX, by comparison, 32 flights before its first successful reflight of a previously flown orbital-class booster.
Blue Origin will definitely want to solve the upper stage issue soon. Its next flight is the first New Glenn launch of Amazon Leo (formerly Project Kuiper) broadband satellites. It plans to put 48 of those into orbit to significantly expand the Starlink rival's constellation, which currently sits at 241 satellites.